Model comparison
GPT-5.3-Codex vs GPT-6 Astra
Two OpenAI tiers compared on the figures that decide which one a workload actually needs.
Catalog record checked September 5, 2026Individual provider fields may changeEvidence confidence: High — see receipts below
OpenAI
GPT-5.3-Codex
Frontier
OpenAI
GPT-6 Astra
Frontier
| Specification | GPT-5.3-Codex | GPT-6 Astra |
|---|---|---|
| Provider | OpenAI | OpenAI |
| Tier | Frontier | Frontier |
| Context window | 400K | Winner: 1.05M |
| Max output | 128K | 128K |
| Input / 1M tokens | Winner: $1.75 | $10 |
| Output / 1M tokens | Winner: $14 | $50 |
| Weights | Closed | Closed |
| Parameters | Not disclosedUnverified | computer-use flagship |
| Reasoning levels | none, low, medium, high, xhigh, max | low, medium, high, xhigh, max |
| Modalities | text, image | text, image |
| API model id | gpt-5.3-codex | gpt-6-astra |
| Released | February 5, 2026 | September 3, 2026 |
| Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index [high] (2026-08-14) | 52 | Not verifiedUnverified |
| Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index [max] (2026-09-03) | Not verifiedUnverified | 61.2 |
| DeepSWE 1.1 (2026-09-03) | Not verifiedUnverified | 74.1 |
| OSWorld 2.0 (offline) (2026-09-03) | Not verifiedUnverified | 72.6 |
| GPQA Diamond (2026-09-03) | Not verifiedUnverified | 96 |
| Humanity's Last Exam (2026-09-03) | Not verifiedUnverified | 57.2 |
| Terminal-Bench 2.1 (2026-09-05) | Not verifiedUnverified | 89.9 |
Prices are USD per million tokens at standard rates, excluding batch and caching discounts. Bold indicates the better figure where one is objectively better. Values we could not confirm from the provider are shown as “Not verified” rather than estimated.
Benchmark receipts
- 2026-09-05: Artificial Analysis Terminal-Bench v2.1 (independent, Terminus 2 harness — conflicts with tbench.ai 87.4; harness difference preserved)Agentic terminal work: multi-step tasks executed in a sandboxed shell environment. Comparability: comparable with caveat — Scores across Terminal-Bench major versions (v1 vs v2) are NOT comparable; harness configuration (container, time limits) also shifts results.
- 2026-09-03: Terminal-Bench official leaderboard (independent, native harness, high effort; captured 2026-09-03 — the live board has since moved to Terminal-Bench 4.0)Agentic terminal work: multi-step tasks executed in a sandboxed shell environment. Comparability: comparable with caveat — Scores across Terminal-Bench major versions (v1 vs v2) are NOT comparable; harness configuration (container, time limits) also shifts results.
- 2026-09-03: OpenAI GPT-6 Astra launch chart (vendor, with tools; transcribed by Vellum)Agentic software engineering: pass@1 on real repo tasks with reported cost per completed task. Comparability: directly comparable
- 2026-09-03: Artificial AnalysisComposite index blending reasoning, knowledge, and coding evals into one 0–100 score. Comparability: directly comparable — AA occasionally rebaselines the index scale between snapshots — a score captured on one date is only comparable to same-snapshot scores (check measuredAt).
Pricing tiers: GPT-5.3-Codex: Standard $1.75/$14 per MTok; cached input $0.175/MTok; Fast mode $3.50/$28. Purpose-built for the Codex agent. · GPT-6 Astra: Standard $10/$50 per MTok (≤272K context); >272K input billed $20/$75 (Fast mode output $100). Cached input $1/MTok; Fast mode is 2x price for ~2.5x speed. Knowledge cutoff Apr 30 2026. Rolling out over several days from 2026-09-03; Enterprise tenants get it disabled by default.
GPT-5.3-Codex
GPT-5.3-Codex is OpenAI's coding-specialised model powering the Codex agent at $1.75/$14.
Best for
- Autonomous coding
- Repo-scale refactors
- Test generation
Watch out
Tuned for coding, not general chat; use GPT-5.6 for broad reasoning.
GPT-6 Astra
GPT-6 Astra is OpenAI's computer-use flagship — the first model it gates at the Preparedness Framework's 'Critical' cybersecurity threshold, trained on >100,000 GPUs at Stargate.
Best for
- Computer-use agents
- Agentic coding
- Hard reasoning
Watch out
Gated at the 'Critical' cyber threshold and disabled by default for Enterprise; long-context work bills $20/$75 above 272K input tokens.
When the cheaper one wins
GPT-5.3-Codex is cheaper on output at $14 per million tokens against $50 for GPT-6 Astra — about 3.6×. Use the cheaper tier for classification, extraction, summarisation, and any task where the expensive model’s extra score does not change the accepted output. The expensive one only pays if your hardest task actually fails on the cheap tier. These are standard-tier API rates, excluding batch and cache discounts.
Run the model pickerEvidence confidence: High
How strong and complete the evidence behind this comparison is — not a prediction of which model is better.
- Pricing verified on both sides — Input and output rates are verified for both models.
- 4/5 core specs verified on both sides — Not published for at least one side: parameter count.
- 1 shared named benchmark with differing scores — Measured on: Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index.
- Verified within the last 90 days — Newest catalog check was 6 days ago.
- Both models carry source citations — Each side has at least two catalog sources on record.
Source receipts
Each catalog figure was checked against the provider or an independent second source on the date shown.
- GPT-5.3-Codex: OpenAI — Introducing GPT-5.3-Codex (accessed 2026-08-29)
- GPT-5.3-Codex: OpenAI API pricing (gpt-5.3-codex $1.75/$14) (accessed 2026-08-29)
- GPT-6 Astra: OpenAI — Introducing GPT-6 Astra (accessed 2026-09-03)
- GPT-6 Astra: OpenAI API pricing (gpt-6-astra $10/$50) (accessed 2026-09-03)
- GPT-6 Astra: CNBC — OpenAI launches GPT-6 Astra (accessed 2026-09-03)
- GPT-6 Astra: OpenAI model docs — gpt-6-astra (128K max output, effort levels) (accessed 2026-09-05)
Related comparisons
- Claude Fable 5.1 vs GPT-5.3-Codex
- Claude Fable 5.1 vs GPT-6 Astra
- Claude Fable 5 vs GPT-5.3-Codex
- Claude Fable 5 vs GPT-6 Astra
- Claude Mythos 5.1 vs GPT-5.3-Codex
- Claude Mythos 5.1 vs GPT-6 Astra
Diving deeper on one model? GPT-5.3-Codex · GPT-6 Astra
Common questions
GPT-5.3-Codex vs GPT-6 Astra
Answered from the verified figures on this page rather than general guidance.
Is GPT-5.3-Codex or GPT-6 Astra cheaper for input?
GPT-5.3-Codex is cheaper at $1.75 per million input tokens, against $10 for GPT-6 Astra — roughly 5.7× the price. Output tokens usually dominate a real bill, so weigh the output rate more heavily than the input rate. These are base rates; GPT-5.3-Codex has tiered pricing: Standard $1.75/$14 per MTok; cached input $0.175/MTok; Fast mode $3.50/$28. Purpose-built for the Codex agent. GPT-6 Astra has tiered pricing: Standard $10/$50 per MTok (≤272K context); >272K input billed $20/$75 (Fast mode output $100). Cached input $1/MTok; Fast mode is 2x price for ~2.5x speed. Knowledge cutoff Apr 30 2026. Rolling out over several days from 2026-09-03; Enterprise tenants get it disabled by default.
Is GPT-5.3-Codex or GPT-6 Astra cheaper for output?
GPT-5.3-Codex is cheaper at $14 per million output tokens, against $50 for GPT-6 Astra — roughly 3.6× the price. Output tokens usually dominate a real bill, so weigh the output rate more heavily than the input rate. These are base rates; GPT-5.3-Codex has tiered pricing: Standard $1.75/$14 per MTok; cached input $0.175/MTok; Fast mode $3.50/$28. Purpose-built for the Codex agent. GPT-6 Astra has tiered pricing: Standard $10/$50 per MTok (≤272K context); >272K input billed $20/$75 (Fast mode output $100). Cached input $1/MTok; Fast mode is 2x price for ~2.5x speed. Knowledge cutoff Apr 30 2026. Rolling out over several days from 2026-09-03; Enterprise tenants get it disabled by default.
Which has the larger context window, GPT-5.3-Codex or GPT-6 Astra?
GPT-6 Astra accepts 1.05M tokens against 400K for GPT-5.3-Codex. This only matters if you routinely send very long documents or large codebases.
Do GPT-5.3-Codex and GPT-6 Astra support the same reasoning levels?
GPT-5.3-Codex exposes none, low, medium, high, xhigh, max, while GPT-6 Astra exposes low, medium, high, xhigh, max.
Should I use GPT-5.3-Codex or GPT-6 Astra?
Both sit in the frontier tier, so the choice usually comes down to price and context rather than capability. GPT-5.3-Codex suits autonomous coding; GPT-6 Astra suits computer-use agents.
Next step
Choosing between them
The verified figures that separate this pair, computed from the catalog rather than restated boilerplate.
- Input price: GPT-5.3-Codex costs $1.75 per 1M tokens versus $10 for GPT-6 Astra — a 5.7x difference at the headline tier.
- Context: GPT-6 Astra takes 1.05M against 400K for GPT-5.3-Codex — only decisive if your prompts approach the smaller window.
- Measured capability: GPT-6 Astra leads Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index 61.2 to 52 (measured 2026-08-14).
Choosing a harness rather than a model — Cursor, Copilot, Claude Code, Windsurf, or Lovable? Compare agentic harnesses · Latest releases.